To surreptitiously fire an arrow and injure someone
To use underhanded methods to secretly attack or harm someone
Negative
陈先生是个暗箭伤人的人，所以他的朋友疏远他 | Chén Xiānshēng shì gè ànjiànshāngrén de rén, suǒyǐ tā de péngyǒu shūyuǎn tā
Mr. Chen secretly harms his friends, so they've all distanced themselves from him
[Source]
我很爱我的女朋友，直到我觉察她告诉她所有的朋友我很蠢，她真是一个暗箭伤人的人 | Wǒ hěn ài wǒ de nǚpéngyǒu, zhídào wǒ juéchá tā gàosù tā suǒyǒu de péngyǒu wǒ hěn chǔn, tā zhēn shì yī gè ànjiànshāngrén de rén
I loved my girlfriend all the way up until I realized she told all of her friends that I was stupid. She's really such a secretly malicious person
[Source]
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《迩言》(Ěr Yán), a work by 刘炎 (Liú Yán) of the Sòng Dynasty (宋, 960 - 1279)
During the Spring and Autumn period (春秋时期 | chūn qiū shí qī | 770 - 476 BC), the kingdom of 郑国 (Zhèng Guó) had aspirations to conquer the small kingdom of 许国 (Xǔ Guó). To realize its goal, it sent the respected veteran 颍考叔 (Yǐng Kǎoshū) as the leading general and the younger soldier 公孙子都 (Gōngsūn Zǐdū) as the one of deputy generals to lead the troops.
When they eventually launched their assault on the 许国 capital, 颍考叔 managed to scale the city walls with the 郑国 banner in hand. When 公孙子都 saw this, he felt a stab of jealousy. He nocked an arrow, surreptitiously aimed it at 颍考叔, and fired. The arrow struck him in the back, knocking him off the wall and to his death.
Another deputy general, 瑕叔盈 (Xiá Shūyíng), saw 颍考叔 fall, and he assumed that he had been slain by enemy soldiers. He picked up the banner and took control of the troops, and the city was sacked