To raise and lower one's hand
To practice fraud; to conspire to do something evil or illegal
Negative
这是一件一群人监守自盗，上下其手，贪污公款的弊案 | Zhè shì yī jiàn yī qún rén jiānshǒuzìdào, shàngxiàqíshǒu, tānwū gōngkuǎn de bì'àn
This is a scandal involving a group of embezzlers and fraudsters
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《春秋左传》(Chūn Qiū Zuò Zhuàn), a famous work that discusses political and military affairs during the Spring and Autumn Period (770 - 476 BC). It was written by the famous blind historian 左丘明 (Zuò Qiū Míng) and is also known as 《左传》(Zuò Zhuàn)
During the Warring States Period (战国时期 | zhàn guó shí qī | 475 - 221 BC), the state of Chǔ Guó (楚国) attacked the state of Zhèng Guó (郑国). Zhèng Guó was much weaker than its attackers, and the defeat that it soon suffered was so great that even its king, 郑颉 (Zhèng Xié), was taken as a prisoner.
After the battle, the prince of Chǔ Guó, 围 (Wéi), suddenly decided that he wanted to receive the credit for the enemy king's capture. 穿封戌(Chuān Fèng Xū), the Chǔ Guó general who had actually done the capturing, was enraged by this, and the two argued furiously. When it became apparent that neither party would back down, they decided that they needed a third party to settle the matter, so they summoned the minister 伯州犁 (Bó Zhōu Lí).
伯州犁 considered both parties' stances and concluded that the best way to determine who had captured the enemy king was to ask the enemy king himself. 围 and 穿封戌 agreed with this logic, and 郑颉 was brought forth for questioning.
When 郑颉 was finally before them, 伯州犁 raised his hand, respectfully gestured to 围, and told 郑颉 that he was the prince. He then lowered his hand and gestured to 穿封戌, indicating that he was the general. When done, he asked 郑颉 to point out which man had captured him.
Of course, the general had been the one to capture the Zhèng Guó king — but the Zhèng Guó king was so enraged by this that he refused to give him the satisfaction of acknowledging him as his captor. He also concluded based on 伯州犁's hand gestures that he should say that the prince had captured him. He did as 伯州犁 wanted, and over the general's furious protests, 伯州犁 declared 围 as the proper captor.